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Sand Dune Park is an area of public sand dunes partly on a steep slope that is used for exercise in Manhattan Beach, California. The area has been used by amateur and professional athletes and has been featured in fitness magazines and newspaper accounts as a great workout spot.〔Jerry Crowe (Against the Grains ); Sand Dune Park, a massive mound of sand in Manhattan Beach, exacts a steep toll on elite athletes and anyone else looking to test their vertical limits. (EDITION ) Athletes, Sand & gravel, Parks & recreation areas, Exercise August 8, 2006 page D.1 Los Angeles Times〕 The park around the dune was built on a converted dump site by local residents in 1964.〔 It was "just a little patch of grass and sand to enjoy when the area was still mostly small beach cottages" and remains one of the last "remnants of a time when much of the South Bay landscape was sand dunes", according to local historian Jan Dennis.〔 Its popularity has grown and fencing, parking restrictions, and closure are being considered.〔Andrea Woodhouse (Manhattan Beach looks to control Sand Dune Park access ) August 5, 2009 San Jose Mercury News〕 ==Restrictions== A fight to close down the sand dune portion of the park or restrict its access came to a head in 2009 when neighbors came out in opposition to the sand dune over noise, traffic and overcrowding concerns. Several City Council meetings addressed the issues involved, and the sand dune was closed and fenced. After negotiation, it was reopened in August 2010 after the implementation of substantial use mitigation measures.〔Sandra Murillo (A Dust-Up Over Sand Dune ); Recreation: Manhattan Beach neighbors call for new limits, saying park is too popular with outsiders who make noise and leave trash. (EDITION ) Neighborhoods, Disputes, Sand & gravel, Parks & recreation areas June 4, 2002 Page: B.4 Section: California; Metro Desk Los Angeles Times〕 Currently, use of the sand dune portion of the park is by reservation only, which must be made in advance at City Hall, a little over a mile away during business hours. The entrance to the fenced area is supervised during scheduled hours. The city has found the restrictions to be a treasure trove of revenue, heavily fining violators of the restrictions (including non-residents who are unaware of the rigidity of the restrictions) hundreds of dollars for a single violation. Next to the dune is an un-restricted set of 208 steps that look like an attractive alternative, though there are signs that read "No Jogging." Fines are higher for jogging on the steps. As such, the city regularly sends police to watch for violators. When questioned, enforcement officials seem to distinguish between jogging and walking, the rules sound very close to those of International Racewalking, requiring one foot to be on the ground at all times.〔http://www.easyreadernews.com/13474/resident-fined-hundreds-jogging-2/〕 A group of residents was formed to advocate for more recreational usage. A study showed the fencing and restrictions were keeping people away, usage down 45%. As a response, the city kept the restrictions, but opened up a few additional usage slots in late 2011.〔http://core4you.org/category/sand-dune-park〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sand Dune Park」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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